PMAY - Housing for ALL: (TELANGANA STATE) 38 MUNICIPALITIES 

Achampet, Andole Jogipet, Badangpet, Badepalli, Devarakonda, Dubbaka, Gajwel, Husnabad, Huzur nagar, Ibrahimpatnam, Jangoan, Kalwakurthy, Kodada, Kollapur, Mahabubnagar, Medak, Medchal, Miryalaguda, Nagarkurnool, Bhongir, Nalgonda, Narayanapet, Narasampeta, Parkal, Pedda Amberpet, Sadasivpet, Sangareddy, Shadnagar, Siddipet, Siricilla, Suryapet, Tandur, Vemulawada, Vikarabad, Wanaparthy, Warangal, Zahirabad & GHMC

The aim of the housing for all plan of action is to provide affordable housing with basic services like water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, educational and health facilities etc for urban poor which includes the slum dwellers in the ULB level for selective cities.

• Reduce housing shortage for Urban Poor (both residing in slum and non-slum areas).
• Ensure an efficient and regular supply of affordable housing units to satisfy / meet growing demand in the city.
• Ensure that all dwelling units have access to basic physical and social infrastructure like sanitation facilities, drinking water, electricity, roads, and other livelihood infrastructure.
• Create Rental Housing as transit accommodation for migrants to urban areas.

Housing is one the basic needs for survival; the quality of housing defines the standard of living. The welfare of people depends on housing conditions, family income and many other aspects. Rapid urbanization has lead to growth of population in urban areas leading to urban sprawl with lack of amenities like water supply, sanitation and solid waste management. According to UN HABITAT by 2030, approximately 3 billion people, or about 40 % of the world’s population, will need proper housing and access to basic infrastructure and services such as water and sanitation systems. This interprets the need for housing units per day with serviced and documented land. However, supply is limited by inadequate governance system/ human resource deficiencies/ institutions or regulations which are obsolete or lacking in capacity.

Urban planning and construction plays a vital role in fulfilling the demand for housing. Lack of these activities has resulted in a huge housing backlog that led to the development of slums globally. Due to constraints in formal housing and land delivery systems, maximum population has joined the housing programmes and schemes. The growing urgency to provide more homes to millions of households in the developing world, and the remarkable rate of illegal construction and housing production processes calls for a paradigm shift in housing policy, urban planning and building practices.

India is witnessing a phase of rapid urbanization due to migration of population from rural to urban areas in want of good services and comfort in living conditions. This increase in urbanization reflects the increase in demand for housing and infrastructure facilities. Urban centers of the State contribute significantly to the Regional, State and even National economy thereby contributing to continued urbanization. Urban sprawl needs to be stopped by proving basic services in rural areas. Improper planning and preparedness of the urban centre’s to receive such growth has led to dis-functionality, which in-turn results in emergence of slums and squatters with absence of basic infrastructure.

The main obstacle in provision of services is lack of records with respect to the existing population and migration trends. The rate of urbanization as per 2011 census is 31.1% using this information the projected population is predicted and considering average household size as 5 the need for future housing demand is calculated.  The slum population which is presently 66 million and projected is 105 million by 2017; the urban housing demand projected for the same year is as 88.78 million. In 2012 the Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation (MoHUPA) stated there was an undersupply of 18.78 million housing units, of which the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and Lower Income Group (LIG) constituted 95%. The factors which influence the supply and demand in housing sector are affordability of the buyers, development cost and selling price. Housing for all indicates the housing development not only in urban but also in sub-urban areas. Housing needs for low income and economically weaker sections can be successively achieved only if both the government and private sector organizations fulfill their respective roles with transparency. Usage of local available resources affectively and heavy investments are required for housing and infrastructure developments.

Housing for All:

Housing, one of the basic needs for humans and has to be given top priority in plan preparation process. To attain the goal of housing for all the households need to be provided with access to livelihoods such as employment opportunities, educational institutions, knowledge and skills for habitat development etc in close proximity. In order to address issues related to housing for slums and urban poor, the government should create co-operative atmosphere among government and non-government organizations and public, private sectors. National/ State Housing Policies will provide guidance for provision of affordable housing. For successful implementation of Housing for All there is a need to generate strong financial and institutional support.

Housing for All Plan of Action:

Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation (MoHUPA) had come up with the “National Housing & Habitat Policy (NUHHP) 2007, a precursor to the current “Housing for All” by 2022. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana is a vision of Prime Minister of India, was launched in June 2015 where all facilities including affordable housing will be provided in a place for urban poor. The government has identified 305 cities and towns have been identified in 9 states for beginning construction of houses for urban poor. Under PMAY, it is proposed to build 2 crore houses for urban poor including Economically Weaker Sections and Low Income Groups in urban areas by the year 2022 through a financial assistance from central government.

Key focus of this mission is to provide eligible recipient with affordable house hence data collection and verification plays a vital role. Data obtained for a city households can be entered in web portal for maintaining year wise information data base which can be used by all institutions for reference. A separate web portal can be generated for indicating the data regarding urban poor and slum households.

The Mission would provide central assistance to implementing agencies through States & UTs for providing housing to eligible families/ beneficiaries. The Mission seeks to address the housing requirement of urban poor including slum dwellers for which all the states are required to prepare ‘Housing for All Plan of Action’ with Annual Implementation Plans. Mission will assist States/cities in carrying out the activities for preparation of Housing for All Plan of Action (HFAPoA) under capacity building and A&OE funds. HFAPoA addresses urban poor who may not necessarily be slum dwellers.

All 4041 statutory towns as per Census 2011 with focus on 500 Class I cities would be covered in three phases as follows:

Phase I (April 2015 - March 2017) to cover 100 Cities selected from States/UTs as per their willingness.

Phase II (April 2017 - March 2019) to cover additional 200 Cities

Phase III (April 2019 - March 2022) to cover all other remaining Cities

Ministry, however, will have flexibility regarding inclusion of additional cities in earlier. The mission seeks to address the housing requirement of urban poor including slum dwellers through following programme verticals giving option to beneficiaries, ULBs and State Governments..

Methodology:

The preparation of Housing for all plan of action followed the methodology shown in fig 2-1. The stages of plan of action are stated below in detail:

Step 1: Initiation of HFAPoA Preparation

In the Inception Phase, the methodology specified in PMAY guidelines was discussed with higher officials of ULB. The secondary information like SFCPoA, CDP, and other statistics regarding population, migration trends and funds were obtained. The list of slums and urban poor was collected.

Step 2: Data Collection

The urban poor beneficiary information has been obtained through surveys using 4a and 4b format given in PMAY guidelines. Based on this data was divided into 2 categories namely slums (Format 4a) and urban poor (Format 4b) for easy analysis. Format 4A is for slums proposed under In-situ Slum Redevelopment Component and Format 4B was used for the remaining Tenable & Untenable Slums and Non- Slum Areas. During evaluation of tenability status a consultation meeting with officials at state level was held. Secondary data like Location, number of eligible slum dwellers, area of slum land, Market Potential of Land (Land Value), FAR available and Density against norms was gathered from Municipal Corporation. Slum population beneficiaries were recommended for in-situ development while other urban poor are proposed for other 3 categories of development in PMAY guidelines.

Step 3: Devising Development Options for Beneficiaries into Four (4) Verticals

The study of feasibility of In-Situ Slum Redevelopment through Private Participation considered following factors:

• Housing Conditions: Housing condition in the slum shall be Kutcha / Semi-Pucca.
• Density: slums with low (<350 DU/ha) or medium density (<500 DU/ha) and for States where TDR policy is effectively implemented in slums with high density.
• Land Values: Slums where the prevailing land values determined by the revenue circles are high.

In situ redevelopment is done as per the data collected from annexure 5 of HFA guidelines. The demand assessment has been conducted to derive the housing requirement for the remaining three (3) verticals in other tenable and untenable slums.

Demand Assessment in Slums & Non-Slum Areas:

The identification of end users in non-slum areas is done by accepting applications with the required documentation at Electronic Seva Centers (bill pay centers), online submission, special drives etc. The documentation required includes: Income proof (BPL cards, ration cards, self-certification, Land ownership proof (Patta, Possession Certificate, Registered Document, Certificate from Revenue authority) and Location details of land owned by the beneficiary.

1. Development Strategies for Remaining Tenable Slums

The studies for the tenable slums that are not viable for in-situ redevelopment are considered under following options:

• Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP) for:
  • Residents on rent (tenants) and do not own land in any part of the Country.
• Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) for:
  • Land owners living in Kutcha or Semi-Pucca houses. For construction of new house or enhancement of existing house.
  • Land owners residing in Pucca houses. Only enhancement of existing house up to 30 sq.mts of carpet area.
  • Residing on rent (tenant) in slums and owns land or willing buy a house elsewhere in the City/Country.
• Beneficiary-led Individual House Construction or Enhancement:
  • Land owners living in Kutcha or Semi-Pucca houses. For construction of new house or enhancement of existing house.
  • Land owners residing in Pucca houses. Only enhancement of existing house up to 30 sq.mts of carpet area.

2. Development Strategies for Untenable Slums

For untenable slums following process is adopted:

• Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP):
  • Residents who do not own land in any part of the Country.
• Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS):
  • Beneficiary who owns land or willing buy a house elsewhere in the City/Country.
• Beneficiary-led Individual House Construction or Enhancement:
  • Beneficiary who owns land elsewhere in the City/Country.
• Clubbing with other Tenable Slums (in-situ redevelopment)

3. Development Strategies for Urban Poor in Non-Slum Areas:

The urban poor beneficiaries residing in non-slum areas are eligible for the following options:

• Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP) for:
  • Residents do not own land and willing to buy a house elsewhere in the City/Country.
• Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) for:
  • Beneficiary who owns land or willing buy a house elsewhere in the City/Country.
• Beneficiary-led Individual House Construction or Enhancement:
  • Land owners living in Kutcha or Semi-Pucca houses. For construction of new house or enhancement of existing house.
  • Land owners residing in Pucca houses. Only enhancement of existing house up to 30 sq.mts of carpet area.

The year wise details of proposed Interventions for other urban poor with details on number of Beneficiaries and Central Assistance Required for beneficiary led construction, credit linked subsidy, affordable partnership are prepared till the year 2022.

 

Step 4: Assessment of Investment Requirements and Preparation of Financial Plan

Assessment of Investment Requirement: The assessment of Investment Requirements  are done according to schedule of rate and other municipal rates for housing and other aspects of infrastructure for phased implementation to cover maximum number of urban poor. An indicative template which was provided in the Annexure of Scheme guidelines is also considered for representation of the same.

Financial Planning and Listing of Resources: The financial plan is prepared considering the available resources and to fill the resource gap. The team after ascertaining PPP Potential of the slum/housing project, Central Govt grants for programme vertical, Grants from state govt, beneficiaries contribution expected, ULBs internal Financial Capability and other Financial Resources will carry out phasing and implementation plan for the Mission Period (2015-2022).

Step 5: Formulating Institutional Framework for Implementation of HFAPoA

• • • The implementation modalities for the various components identified in the HFAPoA would need to be worked out broadly following appropriate frameworks.
    • The collaborative structure would be chaired by the Commissioner and aided by expert committee.

Step 6: Finalization of HFAPoA& Formulation of Annual Implementation Plan (AIP)

The team has finalized this HFAPoA report which covered the City Profile & review of past housing programs, findings of initial stakeholder workshop, data profile of updated slum list, tenability analysis and list of tenable, untenable and semi-tenable slums, development options for end users in slums & non-slum areas, investment requirements and financial plan, institutional frameworks for implementation of HFAPoA and AIP. As participatory planning approach is being adopted in the entire projects, thus discussions, interviews are being conducted with the stakeholders (Elected Representatives, slum dwellers, officials from concerned departments etc.) to incorporate their views and suggestions.